Nineteenth-century Mexico saw major changes in musical life through military and civic bands, theaters, salons, print publishing, and the circulation of scores. After Independence, religious repertoires, dances, opera, domestic music, and local practices followed distinct paths. A modern recording of a nineteenth-century work is not a sound document from that century: it captures a later performance. This category brings together works and documents related to the period. For each item, composition date, score edition, arrangement, and performance date should be distinguished, particularly when a historical attribution rests on a reconstruction rather than a surviving contemporary recording.